eval
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
eval — Evaluate a string as PHP code
Описание
Evaluates the string given in code_str as PHP code. Among other things, this can be useful for storing code in a database text field for later execution.
There are some factors to keep in mind when using eval(). Remember that the string passed must be valid PHP code, including things like terminating statements with a semicolon so the parser doesn't die on the line after the eval(), and properly escaping things in code_str . To mix HTML output and PHP code you can use a closing PHP tag to leave PHP mode.
Also remember that variables given values under eval() will retain these values in the main script afterwards.
Список параметров
- code_str
-
The code string to be evaluated. code_str does not have to contain PHP Opening tags.
A return statement will immediately terminate the evaluation of the string .
Возвращаемые значения
eval() returns NULL unless return is called in the evaluated code, in which case the value passed to return is returned. If there is a parse error in the evaluated code, eval() returns FALSE and execution of the following code continues normally. It is not possible to catch a parse error in eval() using set_error_handler().
Примеры
Пример #1 eval() example - simple text merge
<?php
$string = 'cup';
$name = 'coffee';
$str = 'This is a $string with my $name in it.';
echo $str. "\n";
eval("\$str = \"$str\";");
echo $str. "\n";
?>
Результат выполнения данного примера:
This is a $string with my $name in it. This is a cup with my coffee in it.
Примечания
Замечание: Поскольку это языковая конструкция, а не функция, она не может вызываться при помощи переменных функций
Как и с любой другой функцией, осуществляющей вывод непосредственно в браузер, вы можете использовать функции контроля вывода, чтобы перехватывать выводимые этой функцией данные и сохранять их, например, в string.
Замечание: In case of a fatal error in the evaluated code, the whole script exits.
Коментарии
Kepp the following Quote in mind:
If eval() is the answer, you're almost certainly asking the
wrong question. -- Rasmus Lerdorf, BDFL of PHP
The following code
<?php
eval( '?> foo <?php' );
?>
does not throw any error, but prints the opening tag.
Adding a space after the open tag fixes it:
<?php
eval( '?> foo <?php ' );
?>
If you want to allow math input and make sure that the input is proper mathematics and not some hacking code, you can try this:
<?php
$test = '2+3*pi';
// Remove whitespaces
$test = preg_replace('/\s+/', '', $test);
$number = '(?:\d+(?:[,.]\d+)?|pi|π)'; // What is a number
$functions = '(?:sinh?|cosh?|tanh?|abs|acosh?|asinh?|atanh?|exp|log10|deg2rad|rad2deg|sqrt|ceil|floor|round)'; // Allowed PHP functions
$operators = '[+\/*\^%-]'; // Allowed math operators
$regexp = '/^(('.$number.'|'.$functions.'\s*\((?1)+\)|\((?1)+\))(?:'.$operators.'(?2))?)+$/'; // Final regexp, heavily using recursive patterns
if (preg_match($regexp, $q))
{
$test = preg_replace('!pi|π!', 'pi()', $test); // Replace pi with pi function
eval('$result = '.$test.';');
}
else
{
$result = false;
}
?>
I can't guarantee you absolutely that this will block every possible malicious code nor that it will block malformed code, but that's better than the matheval function below which will allow malformed code like '2+2+' which will throw an error.
Inception with eval()
<pre>
Inception Start:
<?php
eval("echo 'Inception lvl 1...\n'; eval('echo \"Inception lvl 2...\n\"; eval(\"echo \'Inception lvl 3...\n\'; eval(\'echo \\\"Limbo!\\\";\');\");');");
?>
imo, this is a better eval replacement:
<?php
function betterEval($code) {
$tmp = tmpfile ();
$tmpf = stream_get_meta_data ( $tmp );
$tmpf = $tmpf ['uri'];
fwrite ( $tmp, $code );
$ret = include ($tmpf);
fclose ( $tmp );
return $ret;
}
?>
- why? betterEval follows normal php opening and closing tag conventions, there's no need to strip `<?php?>` from the source. and it always throws a ParseError if there was a parse error, instead of returning false (note: this was fixed for normal eval() in php 7.0). - and there's also something about exception backtraces
At least in PHP 7.1+, eval() terminates the script if the evaluated code generate a fatal error. For example:
<?php
@eval('$content = (100 - );');
?>
(Even if it is in the man, I'm note sure it acted like this in 5.6, but whatever)
To catch it, I had to do:
<?php
try {
eval('$content = (100 - );');
} catch (Throwable $t) {
$content = null;
}
?>
This is the only way I found to catch the error and hide the fact there was one.
It should be noted that imported namespaces are not available in eval.