grapheme_extract

(PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, PECL intl >= 1.0.0)

grapheme_extractFunction to extract a sequence of default grapheme clusters from a text buffer, which must be encoded in UTF-8.

Описание

Процедурный стиль

string grapheme_extract ( string $haystack , int $size [, int $extract_type [, int $start = 0 [, int &$next ]]] )

Function to extract a sequence of default grapheme clusters from a text buffer, which must be encoded in UTF-8.

Список параметров

haystack

String to search.

size

Maximum number items - based on the $extract_type - to return.

extract_type

Defines the type of units referred to by the $size parameter:

  • GRAPHEME_EXTR_COUNT (default) - $size is the number of default grapheme clusters to extract.
  • GRAPHEME_EXTR_MAXBYTES - $size is the maximum number of bytes returned.
  • GRAPHEME_EXTR_MAXCHARS - $size is the maximum number of UTF-8 characters returned.

start

Starting position in $haystack in bytes - if given, it must be zero or a positive value that is less than or equal to the length of $haystack in bytes. If $start does not point to the first byte of a UTF-8 character, the start position is moved to the next character boundary.

next

Reference to a value that will be set to the next starting position. When the call returns, this may point to the first byte position past the end of the string.

Возвращаемые значения

A string starting at offset $start and ending on a default grapheme cluster boundary that conforms to the $size and $extract_type specified.

Примеры

Пример #1 grapheme_extract() example

<?php

$char_a_ring_nfd 
"a\xCC\x8A";  // 'LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE' (U+00E5) normalization form "D"
$char_o_diaeresis_nfd "o\xCC\x88"// 'LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS' (U+00F6) normalization form "D"

print urlencode(grapheme_extract$char_a_ring_nfd $char_o_diaeresis_nfd1GRAPHEME_EXTR_COUNT2));

?>

Результат выполнения данного примера:

o%CC%88

Смотрите также

Коментарии

Автор:
Here's how to use grapheme_extract() to loop across a UTF-8 string character by character.

<?php

$str 
"سabcक’…";
// if the previous line didn't come through, the string contained:
//U+0633,U+0061,U+0062,U+0063,U+0915,U+2019,U+2026

$n 0;

for (   
$start 0$next 0$maxbytes strlen($str), $c '';
       
$start $maxbytes;
       
$c grapheme_extract($str1GRAPHEME_EXTR_MAXCHARS , ($start $next), $next)
    )
{
    if (empty(
$c))
        continue;
    echo 
"This utf8 character is " strlen($c) . " bytes long and its first byte is " ord($c[0]) . "\n";
   
$n++;
}
echo 
"$n UTF-8 characters in a string of $maxbytes bytes!\n";
// Should print: 7 UTF8 characters in a string of 14 bytes!
?>
2011-07-12 19:37:58
http://php5.kiev.ua/manual/ru/function.grapheme-extract.html
Looping through grapheme clusters:

<?php

// Example taken from Rust documentation: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch08-02-strings.html#bytes-and-scalar-values-and-grapheme-clusters-oh-my
$str "नमस्ते";
// Alternatively:
//$str = pack('C*', ...[224, 164, 168, 224, 164, 174, 224, 164, 184, 224, 165, 141, 224, 164, 164, 224, 165, 135]);
$next 0;
$maxbytes strlen($str);

var_dump($str);

while (
$next $maxbytes) {
   
$char grapheme_extract($str1GRAPHEME_EXTR_COUNT$next$next);
    if (empty(
$char)) {
        continue;
    }
    echo 
"{$char} - This utf8 character is " strlen($char) . ' bytes long'PHP_EOL;
}

//string(18) "नमस्ते"
//न - This utf8 character is 3 bytes long
//म - This utf8 character is 3 bytes long
//स् - This utf8 character is 6 bytes long
//ते - This utf8 character is 6 bytes long
?>
2020-10-19 16:35:01
http://php5.kiev.ua/manual/ru/function.grapheme-extract.html
Автор:
The other comments on this page were helpful for me.
However, consider using something better than empty($value) when checking the value returned by grapheme_extract since it could as well return something like "0" (which of course evaluates to false).
2023-11-06 23:20:11
http://php5.kiev.ua/manual/ru/function.grapheme-extract.html

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