PDO::lastInsertId
(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PECL pdo >= 0.1.0)
PDO::lastInsertId — Возвращает ID последней вставленной строки или последовательное значение
Описание
$name = NULL
] )
Возвращает ID последней вставленной строки либо последнее значение, которое
выдал объект последовательности. Что именно будет возвращено, зависит от
нижележащего драйвера. Например, метод PDO_PGSQL()
требует задать имя объекта последовательности для параметра
name.
Замечание:
В зависимости от PDO драйвера этот метод может вообще не выдать осмысленного результата, так как база данных может не поддерживать автоинкремент или последовательности.
Список параметров
-
name -
Имя объекта последовательности, который должен выдать ID.
Возвращаемые значения
Если объект последовательности для name не задан,
PDO::lastInsertId() вернет строку представляющую ID
последней добавленной в базу записи.
Если же объект последовательности для name задан,
PDO::lastInsertId() вернет строку представляющую последнее
значение, полученное от этого объекта.
Если PDO драйвер не поддерживает эту возможность, PDO::lastInsertId() запишет IM001 в SQLSTATE.
- PHP Руководство
- Функции по категориям
- Индекс функций
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- Расширения для работы с базами данных
- Уровни абстракции
- Объекты данных PHP
- Функция PDO::beginTransaction() - Инициализация транзакции
- Функция PDO::commit() - Фиксирует транзакцию
- Функция PDO::__construct() - Создает экземпляр PDO, предоставляющий соединение с базой данных
- Функция PDO::errorCode() - Возвращает код SQLSTATE результата последней операции с базой данных
- PDO::errorInfo
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- Функция PDO::getAttribute() - Получить атрибут соеденения с базой данных
- Функция PDO::getAvailableDrivers() - Возвращает массив доступных драйверов PDO
- Функция PDO::inTransaction() - Проверяет, есть ли внутри транзакция
- Функция PDO::lastInsertId() - Возвращает ID последней вставленной строки или последовательное значение
- PDO::prepare
- PDO::query
- Функция PDO::quote() - Заключает строку в кавычки для использования в запросе
- Функция PDO::rollBack() - Откат транзакции
- Функция PDO::setAttribute() - Присвоение атрибута
Коментарии
in case anyone was wondering
something like
$val = 5;
$sql = "REPLACE table (column) VALUES (:val)";
$stmt = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$stmt->bindParam(':val', $val, PDO::PARAM_INT);
$stmt->execute();
$lastId = $dbh->lastInsertId();
will return the last inserted id, whether the record was replaced or simply inserted
the REPLACE syntax, simply inserts, or deletes > inserts
so lastInsertId() still works
refer to http://mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/replace.html
for REPLACE usage
It should be mentioned that this function DOES NOT retrieve the ID (Primary key) of the row but it's OID instead.
So if you use one of the latest PostgreSQL versions this function won't help you unless you add OID to the table specifically when you create it.
Beware of lastInsertId() when working with transactions in mysql. The following code returns 0 instead of the insert id.
<?php
try {
$dbh = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=test', 'username', 'password');
$stmt = $dbh->prepare("INSERT INTO test (name, email) VALUES(?,?)");
try {
$dbh->beginTransaction();
$tmt->execute( array('user', 'user@example.com'));
$dbh->commit();
print $dbh->lastInsertId();
} catch(PDOExecption $e) {
$dbh->rollback();
print "Error!: " . $e->getMessage() . "</br>";
}
} catch( PDOExecption $e ) {
print "Error!: " . $e->getMessage() . "</br>";
}
?>
When no exception is thrown, lastInsertId returns 0. However, if lastInsertId is called before calling commit, the right id is returned.
I think I get a nice solution in Postgres to get the ID using the RETURNING that comes with Postgress since version 8.2. In the example below, I add to my insert clause the "returning" along with the primary key of my table, then after the execute, I do a fetch getting an array with the value of the last inserted id.
<?php
public function insert($employee){
$sqlQuery = "INSERT INTO employee(user_id,name,address,city) VALUES(:user_id,:name,:address,:city) RETURNING employee_id";
$statement = $this->prepare($sqlQuery);
$a ="2002-03-11 12:01AM" ;
$statement->bindParam(":user_id", $employee->getUserId(), PDO::PARAM_INT);
$statement->bindParam(":name", $employee->getName(), PDO::PARAM_STR);
$statement->bindParam(":address", $employee->getAddress(), PDO::PARAM_STR);
$statement->bindParam(":city", $employee->getCity(), PDO::PARAM_STR);
$statement->execute();
$result = $statement->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
return $result["employee_id"];
}
?>
If you're accessing MSSQL/SQL Server 2008 R2 (or higher) from Linux via FreeTDS there's a slightly neater way of getting the last insert ID than the solution(s) outlined below.
The specific SQL involved is outlined here:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms177564.aspx
So for example, with a table containing the two columns (product_id, product_name) where product_id is a uniqueidentifier or something similar you could do the following.
<?php
// Assume $dbh connection handle is already established
$sql = "INSERT INTO product (product_name) OUTPUT INSERTED.product_id VALUES (?)";
$sth = $dbh->prepare($sql);
$sth->execute(array('widgets'));
$temp = $sth->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
?>
Then $temp will contain an array like:
Array
(
[product_id] => E1DA1CB0-676A-4CD9-A22C-90C9D4E81914
)
Just be warned that there are some issues relating to how uniqueidentifier columns are handled by PDO_DBLIB/FreeTDS depending on the TDS version you choose that have only been fixed as of PHP 5.3.7.
Information regarding this and the patch can be found here:
https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=54167
Remember, if you use a transaction you should use lastInsertId BEFORE you commitotherwise it will return 0
This function is now compatible with the newer MS SQL driver. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff628155(v=sql.105)WARNING for PostgreSQL users! In response to the comment by ed at hicklinslade dot com, who wrote:
...
$last_insert_id = $objPDO->lastInsertId("$strTable_id_seq);
This does appear to function as expected. What is a little unclear to me is whether this simply returns the current value of the sequence; if it does, this isn't a particularly reliable indicator as to the id of the record your code just inserted, especially if your site or application is especially high traffic.
...
NEVER ever use lastInsertId() with PostgreSQL sequences, ESPECIALLY when your application's insert/update load is high. PostgreSQL sequences are non-transactional (a natural design feature to avoid exclusive locking which otherwise produces unacceptable performance). This means that any concurrent transaction incrementing the same sequence will render the value returned by lastInsertId() invalid with respect to the last insert by your transaction. Example:
Transaction 1 inserts with nextval('some_seq') yielding 100;
Concurrent transaction 2 inserts with nextval('some_seq') yielding 101;
Transaction 1 calls lastInsertId(), expecting 100, BUT GETS 101.
This PDO method is braindead for PostgreSQL, always use INSERT ... RETURNING instead. Regards.
About the connections created through classes
eg: db::SQL()->query();
then db::SQL()->lastInsertId();
it will create a new connection and will not return the last ID inserted. it is better to include a PDO connection file (or directly the logins) and work with it to get the last ID properly.
$db = new PDO(logins);
$db->query();
$db->lastInsertId();
To save time for some of you.
When using MySQL or MariaDB while inserting multiple rows in a single query (INSERT INTO table (a,b,c) VALUES (1,2,3), (2,3,4), ...) to a table with auto_increment column, PDO::lastInsertId does NOT return the autogenerated id of the last row. Instead, the FIRST generated id is returned. This may very well be explained by taking a look at MySQL and MariaDB's documentation.
Quotations from their respective documentations,
MySQL:
"With no argument, LAST_INSERT_ID() returns a BIGINT UNSIGNED (64-bit) value representing the first automatically generated value successfully inserted for an AUTO_INCREMENT column as a result of the most recently executed INSERT statement."
MariaDB:
"LAST_INSERT_ID() (no arguments) returns the first automatically generated value successfully inserted for an AUTO_INCREMENT column as a result of the most recently executed INSERT statement."
This is clearly not what lastInsertId's own documentation states. Hopefully this will save someone from debugging the cause of id mismatch.
tl;dr (MySQL | Mariadb) + multi row insert + PDO::lastInsertId = first autogenerated id
Behaviour tested using MariaDB 10.2.6 32-bit, PHP 5.6.31 32-bit and mysqlnd 5.0.11 running on windows 7.
$dbh->commit();
print $dbh->lastInsertId();
The above will always return zero (0)
So it is important to call $dbh->lastInsertId(); before commiting transaction
the above should be modified as
print $dbh->lastInsertId();
$dbh->commit();
MySQL/MariaDB users, be aware that although this function returns a string, leading zeroes are NOT preserved if your column has ZEROFILL property.