Output Control Functions
See Also
See also header() and setcookie().
Table of Contents
- flush — Flush the output buffer
- ob_clean — Clean (erase) the output buffer
- ob_end_clean — Clean (erase) the output buffer and turn off output buffering
- ob_end_flush — Flush (send) the output buffer and turn off output buffering
- ob_flush — Flush (send) the output buffer
- ob_get_clean — Get current buffer contents and delete current output buffer
- ob_get_contents — Return the contents of the output buffer
- ob_get_flush — Flush the output buffer, return it as a string and turn off output buffering
- ob_get_length — Return the length of the output buffer
- ob_get_level — Return the nesting level of the output buffering mechanism
- ob_get_status — Get status of output buffers
- ob_gzhandler — ob_start callback function to gzip output buffer
- ob_implicit_flush — Turn implicit flush on/off
- ob_list_handlers — List all output handlers in use
- ob_start — Turn on output buffering
- output_add_rewrite_var — Add URL rewriter values
- output_reset_rewrite_vars — Reset URL rewriter values
Коментарии
For those who are looking for optimization, try using buffered output.
I noticed that an output function call (i.e echo()) is somehow time expensive. When using buffered output, only one output function call is made and it seems to be much faster.
Try this :
<?php
your_benchmark_start_function();
for ($i = 0; $i < 5000; $i++)
echo str_repeat ("your string blablabla bla bla", (rand() % 4) + 1)."<br>\n";
echo your_benchmark_end_function();
?>
And then :
<?php
your_benchmark_start_function();
ob_start ();
for ($i = 0; $i < 5000; $i++)
echo str_repeat ("your string blablabla bla bla", (rand() % 4) + 1)."<br>\n";
echo your_benchmark_end_function();
ob_end_flush ();
?>
I ran out of memory, while output buffering and drawing text on imported images. Only the top portion of the 5MP image was displayed by the browser. Try increasing the memory limit in either the php.ini file( memory_limit = 16M; ) or in the .htaccess file( php_value memory_limit "16M" ). Also see function memory_get_usage() .Output buffering is set to '4096' instead of 'Off' or '0' by default in the php-5.0.4-10.5 RPM for Fedora Core release 4 (Stentz). This has cost me much time!Sometimes you might not want to include a php-file under the specifications defined in the functions include() or require(), but you might want to have in return the string that the script in the file "echoes".
Include() and require() both directly put out the evaluated code.
For avoiding this, try output-buffering:
<?php
ob_start();
eval(file_get_contents($file));
$result = ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
?>
or
<?php
ob_start();
include($file);
$result = ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
?>
which i consider the same, correct me if I'm wrong.
Best regards, BasicArtsStudios
It seems that while using output buffering, an included file which calls die() before the output buffer is closed is flushed rather than cleaned. That is, ob_end_flush() is called by default.
<?php
// a.php (this file should never display anything)
ob_start();
include('b.php');
ob_end_clean();
?>
<?php
// b.php
print "b";
die();
?>
This ends up printing "b" rather than nothing as ob_end_flush() is called instead of ob_end_clean(). That is, die() flushes the buffer rather than cleans it. This took me a while to determine what was causing the flush, so I thought I'd share.
Sometimes users are blaming about slow pages ... not being aware that mostly this is due to network issues.
So I've decided to add some statistics at the end of my pages:
At beginning I start the counters:
<?php
function microtime_float() {
if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.0.0', '>')) return microtime(true);
list($u,$s)=explode(' ',microtime()); return ((float)$u+(float)$s);
}
$initime=microtime_float();
ob_start();
ob_implicit_flush();
?>
And at the end I show the statistics:
<?php
echo "PHP Time: ".round((microtime_float()-$initime)*1000)." msecs. ";
echo "Size: ".round_byte(strlen(ob_get_contents()));
ob_end_flush();
?>
(round_byte is my function to print byte sizes)
You possibly also want to end your benchmark after the output is flushed.
<?php
your_benchmark_start_function();
ob_start ();
for ($i = 0; $i < 5000; $i++)
echo str_repeat ("your string blablabla bla bla", (rand() % 4) + 1)."<br>\n";
<----------
echo your_benchmark_end_function(); |
ob_end_flush (); ------------------------
?>
Take care to take exceptions in the code in mind when using ob_start and ob_get_contents. If you do not do this, the number of calls to ob_start will not match those to ob_end and you're not gonna have a good time.
<?php
public function requireIntoVariable($path) {
ob_start();
try {
require $path;
} catch (Exception $e) {
ob_end_clean();
throw $e;
}
$output = ob_get_contents();
ob_end_clean();
return $output;
}
?>