urlencode
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
urlencode — URL-кодирование строки
Описание
$str
)Эта функция удобна, когда закодированная строка будет использоваться в запросе, как часть URL, также это удобный способ для передачи переменных другим страницам.
Список параметров
-
str -
Строка, которая должны быть закодирована.
Возвращаемые значения
Возвращает строку, в которой все не цифробуквенные символы, кроме -_. должны быть заменены знаком процента (%), за которым следует два шестнадцатеричных числа, а пробелы кодируются как знак сложения (+). Строка кодируется тем же способом, что и POST данные WWW-формы, то есть по типу контента application/x-www-form-urlencoded. Это отличается от » RFC 3986 кодирования (см. rawurlencode() ) тем, что, по историческим соображениям, пробелы кодируются как знак "плюс" (+).
Примеры
Пример #1 Пример использования urlencode()
<?php
echo '<a href="mycgi?foo=', urlencode($userinput), '">';
?>
Пример #2 Пример использования urlencode() и htmlentities()
<?php
$query_string = 'foo=' . urlencode($foo) . '&bar=' . urlencode($bar);
echo '<a href="mycgi?' . htmlentities($query_string) . '">';
?>
Примечания
Замечание:
Будьте внимательны с переменными, которые могут совпадать с элементами HTML. Такие сущности как &, © и £ разбираются браузером и используется как реальная сущность, а не желаемое имя переменной. Это очевидный конфликт, на который W3C указывает в течение многих лет. См. подробности: » http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/appendix/notes.html#h-B.2.2
PHP поддерживает изменение разделителя аргументов на рекомендуемый W3C символ "точку с запятой" путём изменения директивы arg_separator в .ini файле. К сожалению, большинство пользовательских приложений не отправляют данные формы в формате с разделителем "точка с запятой". Более переносимый способ решить эту проблему - это использовать & вместо & в качестве разделителя. Вам не нужно будет для этого изменять РНР директиву arg_separator. Оставьте разделитель как &, но кодируйте ваши URL с помощью htmlentities() или htmlspecialchars().
Смотрите также
- urldecode() - Декодирование URL-кодированной строки
- htmlentities() - Преобразует все возможные символы в соответствующие HTML-сущности
- rawurlencode() - URL-кодирование строки согласно RFC 3986
- rawurldecode() - Декодирование URL-кодированной строки
- » RFC 3986
Коментарии
Be careful when encoding strings that came from simplexml in PHP 5. If you try to urlencode a simplexml object, the script tanks.
I got around the problem by using a cast.
$newValue = urlencode( (string) $oldValue );
Do not let the browser auto encode an invalid URL. Not all browsers perform the same encodeing. Keep it cross browser do it server side.Apache's mod_rewrite and mod_proxy are unable to handle urlencoded URLs properly - http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=34602
If you need to use any of these modules and handle paths that contain %2F or %3A (and few other encoded special url characters), you'll have use a different encoding scheme.
My solution is to replace "%" with "'".
<?php
function urlencode($u)
{
return str_replace(array("'",'%'),array('%27',"'"),urlencode($u));
}
function urldecode($u)
{
return urldecode(strtr($u,"'",'%'));
}
?>
kL's example is very bugged since it loops itself and the encode function is two-way.
Why do you replace all %27 through ' in the same string in that you replace all ' through %27?
Lets say I have a string: Hello %27World%27. It's a nice day.
I get: Hello Hello 'World'. It%27s a nice day.
With other words that solution is pretty useless.
Solution:
Just replace ' through %27 when encoding
Just replace %27 through ' when decoding. Or just use url_decode.
Like "Benjamin dot Bruno at web dot de" earlier has writen, you can have problems with encode strings with special characters to flash. Benjamin write that:
<?php
function flash_encode ($input)
{
return rawurlencode(utf8_encode($input));
}
?>
... could do the problem. Unfortunately flash still have problems with read some quotations, but with this one:
<?php
function flash_encode($string)
{
$string = rawurlencode(utf8_encode($string));
$string = str_replace("%C2%96", "-", $string);
$string = str_replace("%C2%91", "%27", $string);
$string = str_replace("%C2%92", "%27", $string);
$string = str_replace("%C2%82", "%27", $string);
$string = str_replace("%C2%93", "%22", $string);
$string = str_replace("%C2%94", "%22", $string);
$string = str_replace("%C2%84", "%22", $string);
$string = str_replace("%C2%8B", "%C2%AB", $string);
$string = str_replace("%C2%9B", "%C2%BB", $string);
return $string;
}
?>
... should solve this problem.
I'm running PHP version 5.0.5 and urlencode() doesn't seem to encode the "#" character, although the function's description says it encodes "all non-alphanumeric" characters. This was a particular problem for me when trying to open local files with a "#" in the filename as Firefox will interpret this as an anchor target (for better or worse). It seems a manual str_replace is required unless this was fixed in a future PHP version.
Example:
$str = str_replace("#", "%23", $str);
Don't use urlencode() or urldecode() if the text includes an email address, as it destroys the "+" character, a perfectly valid email address character.
Unless you're certain that you won't be encoding email addresses AND you need the readability provided by the non-standard "+" usage, instead always use use rawurlencode() or rawurldecode().
I needed encoding and decoding for UTF8 urls, I came up with these very simple fuctions. Hope this helps!
<?php
function url_encode($string){
return urlencode(utf8_encode($string));
}
function url_decode($string){
return utf8_decode(urldecode($string));
}
?>
I needed a function in PHP to do the same job as the complete escape function in Javascript. It took me some time not to find it. But findaly I decided to write my own code. So just to save time:
<?php
function fullescape($in)
{
$out = '';
for ($i=0;$i<strlen($in);$i++)
{
$hex = dechex(ord($in[$i]));
if ($hex=='')
$out = $out.urlencode($in[$i]);
else
$out = $out .'%'.((strlen($hex)==1) ? ('0'.strtoupper($hex)):(strtoupper($hex)));
}
$out = str_replace('+','%20',$out);
$out = str_replace('_','%5F',$out);
$out = str_replace('.','%2E',$out);
$out = str_replace('-','%2D',$out);
return $out;
}
?>
It can be fully decoded using the unscape function in Javascript.
I wrote this simple function that creates a GET query (for URLS) from an array:
<?php
function encode_array($args)
{
if(!is_array($args)) return false;
$c = 0;
$out = '';
foreach($args as $name => $value)
{
if($c++ != 0) $out .= '&';
$out .= urlencode("$name").'=';
if(is_array($value))
{
$out .= urlencode(serialize($value));
}else{
$out .= urlencode("$value");
}
}
return $out . "\n";
}
?>
If there are arrays within the $args array, they will be serialized before being urlencoded.
Some examples:
<?php
echo encode_array(array('foo' => 'bar')); // foo=bar
echo encode_array(array('foo&bar' => 'some=weird/value')); // foo%26bar=some%3Dweird%2Fvalue
echo encode_array(array('foo' => 1, 'bar' => 'two')); // foo=1&bar=two
echo encode_array(array('args' => array('key' => 'value'))); // args=a%3A1%3A%7Bs%3A3%3A%22key%22%3Bs%3A5%3A%22value%22%3B%7D
?>
urlencode function and rawurlencode are mostly based on RFC 1738.
However, since 2005 the current RFC in use for URIs standard is RFC 3986.
Here is a function to encode URLs according to RFC 3986.
<?php
function myUrlEncode($string) {
$entities = array('%21', '%2A', '%27', '%28', '%29', '%3B', '%3A', '%40', '%26', '%3D', '%2B', '%24', '%2C', '%2F', '%3F', '%25', '%23', '%5B', '%5D');
$replacements = array('!', '*', "'", "(", ")", ";", ":", "@", "&", "=", "+", "$", ",", "/", "?", "%", "#", "[", "]");
return str_replace($entities, $replacements, urlencode($string));
}
?>
Below is our jsonform source code in mongo db which consists a lot of double quotes. we are able to pass this source code to the ajax form submit function by using php urlencode :
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
// Generate a form using jquery.dfrom
$("#myform").dform({
"html":[
{
"type":"p",
"html":"Patient Record"
},
{
"name":"patient.name.first",
"id":"txt-patient.name.first",
"caption":"first name",
"type":"text",
},
{
"name":"patient.name.last",
"id":"txt-patient.name.last",
"caption":"last name",
"type":"text",
},
{
"type" : "submit",
}
]
});
});
</script>
<form id="myform">
<?php
//get the json source code from the mongodb
$jsonform= urlencode($this->data['Post']['jsonform']);
?>
//AJAX SUBMIT FORM
<script type="text/javascript">
$('#myform').submit(function(){
// passing the variable fro PHP to javascript
var thejsonform="<?php echo $jsonform ?>";
//var fname = $('input#fname').val();
var dataString = "jsonform=" + thejsonform ;
$.ajax({
type: "POST",
// url: "test1.php",
data: dataString,
success: function() {
}
});
return false;
});
Since PHP 5.3.0, urlencode and rawurlencode also differ in that rawurlencode does not encode ~ (tilde), while urlencode does.Keep in mind that, if you prepare URL for a connection and used the urlencode on some parameters and didn't use it on the rest of parameters, it will not be decoded automatically at the destination position if the not encoded parameters have special characters that urlencode encodes it.
example :
$xml = simplexml_load_file("http://www.testing.com?me=test&first=".urlencode('dummy string')."&second=here is the string");
here is the second parameter has spaces which urlencode converts it to (+).
after using this URL, the server will discover that the second parameter has not been encoded , then the server will not decode it automatically.
this took more than 2 hours to be discovered and hope to save your time.
urlencode corresponds to the definition for application/x-www-form-urlencoded in RFC 1866 (https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1866#section-8.2.1), and not for url encoded parts in URI. Use only rawurlencode for encode raw URI parts (e.g. query/search part)!I think the description does not exactly match what the function does:
Returns a string in which all non-alphanumeric characters
except -_. have been replaced with a percent (%) sign followed
by two hex digits and spaces encoded as plus (+) signs.
urlencode('ö') gives me '%C3%B6'. So more then just a percent sign followed by two hex digits.
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this function will encode the URL while preserving the functionality of URL so you can copy and paste it in the browser
```
function urlEncode($url) {
$parsedUrl = parse_url($url);
$encodedScheme = urlencode($parsedUrl['scheme']);
$encodedHost = urlencode($parsedUrl['host']);
$encodedPath = implode('/', array_map('urlencode', explode('/', $parsedUrl['path'])));
if (isset($parsedUrl['query'])) {
$encodedQuery = '?' . urlencode($parsedUrl['query']);
} else {
$encodedQuery = '';
}
return "{$encodedScheme}://{$encodedHost}{$encodedPath}{$encodedQuery}";
}
```