Настройка во время выполнения
Поведение этих функций зависит от установок в php.ini.
| Имя | По умолчанию | Меняемо | Список изменений |
|---|---|---|---|
| mail.add_x_header | "0" | PHP_INI_PERDIR | Доступна с PHP 5.3.0. |
| mail.log | NULL | PHP_INI_PERDIR | Доступна с PHP 5.3.0. |
| SMTP | "localhost" | PHP_INI_ALL | |
| smtp_port | "25" | PHP_INI_ALL | Доступна с PHP 4.3.0. |
| sendmail_from | NULL | PHP_INI_ALL | |
| sendmail_path | "/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i" | PHP_INI_SYSTEM |
Краткое разъяснение конфигурационных директив.
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mail.add_x_headerbool -
Добавляет заголовок X-PHP-Originating-Script, который будет содержать UID скрипта и имя файла.
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mail.logstring -
Путь к лог-файлу, в который будут записываться все вызовы функции mail(). Записи в логе содержат полный путь до скрипта, номер строки, адрес получателя To и заголовки.
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SMTPstring -
Использутся только в Windows: домен или IP-адрес SMTP-сервера, к которому будет обращаться PHP при отправке почты функцией mail().
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smtp_portint -
Использутся только в Windows: порт SMTP-сервера, к которому будет обращаться PHP при отправке почты функцией mail(); по умолчанию 25. Доступен с PHP 4.3.0.
-
sendmail_fromstring -
Адрес, который будет использоваться в заголовке "From:" в письмах, посылаемых PHP в Windows. Эта директива также устанавливает заголовок "Return-Path:".
-
sendmail_pathstring -
Путь до программы sendmail, обычно /usr/sbin/sendmail или /usr/lib/sendmail. configure пытается найти sendmail автоматически и установить значение по умолчанию самостоятельно, но если это не удалось, вы можете установить путь здесь.
Системы, не использующие sendmail, должны установить эту директиву в путь до обертки/заменителя sendmail. Например, пользователи » Qmail обычно устанавливают значение /var/qmail/bin/sendmail или /var/qmail/bin/qmail-inject.
qmail-inject не требует дополнительных опций для отправки писем.
Эта директива также работает и в Windows. Если она установлена, smtp, smtp_port и sendmail_from будут проигнорированы и выполнится указанная программа.
Коментарии
On Ubuntu 13.04, not sure of the other Distros.
If you simply uncomment the default:
sendmail_path = "sendmail -t -i"
Your mail() functions will all fail. This is because, you should place the FULL PATH (i.e. /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i )
The documentation states PHP tries it's best to find the correct sendmail path, but it clearly failed for me.
So, always enter in the FULLPATH to sendmail or you may get unexpected failing results.
As a secondary note: Those that just want to ENFORCE the -f parameter, you can do so in php.ini using:
mail.force_extra_parameters = -fdo_not_reply@domain.tld
You can leave the sendmail path commented out, it will still use the defaults (under UNIX -t -i options which if you look them up are very important to have set)....
But, now there is no way to change this, even with the 5th argument of the mail() function. -f is important, because if NOT set, will be set to which ever user the PHP script is running under, and you may not want that.
Also, -f sets the Return-Path: header which is used as the Bounce address, if errors occur, so you can process them. You you can not set Return-Path: in mail() headers for some reason... you could before. Now you have to use the -f option.
If anyone gets this cryptic error message in the PHP error logs:
"sh: -t: command not found"
after upgrading from PHP 5.4, this may be the solution for you.
I upgraded PHP from 5.4 to 5.6 and all our mail() functionality suddenly broke, with no useful error logging.
If this is you, and you've been using ini_set() to set the "sendmail_path" then note that even though it's apparently not mentioned in the upgrade documentation -- or anywhere else I could find on php.net (or a dozen forums) -- you'll now need to go set the sendmail_path in your php.ini file; it is now ignored if you use ini_set() to specify a path to the sendmail binary on the fly.
So, just specify "sendmail_path" in php.ini instead. That's all there is to it -- that fixed all the mail() functionality for us.
Hope this little note saves someone else as much time as I spent troubleshooting and researching. Cheers!
It is worth reiterating that, as stated above, sendmail_path also works for Windows, overriding other Windows SMTP settings.
The comment in php.ini, “For Unix only”, does not make that clear.
This makes it relatively easy to substitute a fake sendmail program or even a shell script/batch file to save mail to a text file.
I use this technique when teaching or testing in PHP.
The documentation should be made clear that sendmail does NOT default to -t -i when using just /usr/sbin/sendmail. You literally need to specify the options.
I know this might seem like a no-brainer but I wasted hours trying to get mail() to work only to discover that the sendmail program is NOT passed -t and -i by default as stipulated in the documentation.