strstr
(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7)
strstr — Находит первое вхождение подстроки
Описание
Возвращает подстроку строки haystack начиная с
первого вхождения needle (и включая его) и до конца строки
haystack.
Замечание:
Эта функция учитывает регистр символов. Для поиска без учета регистра используйте stristr().
Замечание:
Если нужно лишь определить, встречается ли подстрока
needleвhaystack, используйте более быструю и менее ресурсоемкую функцию strpos().
Список параметров
-
haystack -
Входная строка.
-
needle -
Если
needleне является строкой, он приводится к целому и трактуется как код символа. -
before_needle -
Если установлен в
TRUE, strstr() возвращает часть строкиhaystackдо первого вхожденияneedle(исключая needle).
Возвращаемые значения
Возвращает часть строки, или FALSE, если needle
не найдена.
Список изменений
| Версия | Описание |
|---|---|
| 5.3.0 |
Добавлен необязательный параметр before_needle.
|
| 4.3.0 | strstr() теперь бинарно безопасна. |
Примеры
Пример #1 Пример использования strstr()
<?php
$email = 'name@example.com';
$domain = strstr($email, '@');
echo $domain; // выводит @example.com
$user = strstr($email, '@', true); // Начиная с PHP 5.3.0
echo $user; // выводит name
?>
Смотрите также
- stristr() - Регистронезависимый вариант функции strstr
- strrchr() - Находит последнее вхождение символа в строке
- strpos() - Возвращает позицию первого вхождения подстроки
- strpbrk() - Ищет в строке любой символ из заданного набора
- preg_match() - Выполняет проверку на соответствие регулярному выражению
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- substr
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- ucfirst
- ucwords
- vfprintf
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- vsprintf
- wordwrap
Коментарии
For the needle_before (first occurance) parameter when using PHP 5.x or less, try:
<?php
$haystack = 'php-homepage-20071125.png';
$needle = '-';
$result = substr($haystack, 0, strpos($haystack, $needle)); // $result = php
?>
If you want to emulate strstr's new before_needle parameter pre 5.3 strtok is faster than using strpos to find the needle and cutting with substr. The amount of difference varies with string size but strtok is always faster.Been using this for years:
<?php
/**
*
* @author : Dennis T Kaplan
*
* @version : 1.0
* Date : June 17, 2007
* Function : reverse strstr()
* Purpose : Returns part of haystack string from start to the first occurrence of needle
* $haystack = 'this/that/whatever';
* $result = rstrstr($haystack, '/')
* $result == this
*
* @access public
* @param string $haystack, string $needle
* @return string
**/
function rstrstr($haystack,$needle)
{
return substr($haystack, 0,strpos($haystack, $needle));
}
?>
You could change it to:
rstrstr ( string $haystack , mixed $needle [, int $start] )
<?php
function rstrstr($haystack,$needle, $start=0)
{
return substr($haystack, $start,strpos($haystack, $needle));
}
?>
For those in need of the last occurrence of a string:
<?php
function strrstr($h, $n, $before = false) {
$rpos = strrpos($h, $n);
if($rpos === false) return false;
if($before == false) return substr($h, $rpos);
else return substr($h, 0, $rpos);
}
?>
strstr() is not a way to avoid type-checking with strpos().
If $needle is the last character in $haystack, and testing $needle as a boolean by itself would evaluate to false, then testing strstr() as a boolean will evaluate to false (because, if successful, strstr() returns the first occurrence of $needle along with the rest of $haystack).
<?php
findZero('01234'); // found a zero
findZero('43210'); // did not find a zero
findZero('0'); // did not find a zero
findZero('00'); // found a zero
findZero('000'); // found a zero
findZero('10'); // did not find a zero
findZero('100'); // found a zero
function findZero($numberString) {
if (strstr($numberString, '0')) {
echo 'found a zero';
} else {
echo 'did not find a zero';
}
}
?>
Also, strstr() is far more memory-intensive than strpos(), especially with longer strings as your $haystack, so if you are not interested in the substring that strstr() returns, you shouldn't be using it anyway.
There is no PHP function just to check only _if_ $needle occurs in $haystack; strpos() tells you if it _doesn't_ by returning false, but, if it does occur, it tells you _where_ it occurs as an integer, which is 0 (zero) if $needle is the first part of $haystack, which is why testing if (strpos($needle, $haystack)===false) is the only way to know for sure if $needle is not part of $haystack.
My advice is to start loving type checking immediately, and to familiarize yourself with the return value of the functions you are using.
Cheers.
> root at mantoru dot de
PHP makes this easy for you. When working with domain portion of email addresses, simply pass the return of strstr() to substr() and start at 1:
substr(strstr($haystack, '@'), 1);
Don't confuse this function with strtr ) I lost like 1 hour on thatLookout for logic inversion in old code!
In PHP 8, if the needle is an empty string, this function will return 0 (not false), implying the first character of the string matches the needle. Before PHP 8, it would return false when the needle is an empty string.
There other string functions that are affected by similar issues in PHP 8: strpos(), strrpos(), stripos(), strripos(), strchr(), strrchr(), stristr(), and this function, strstr()
If you are checking if the return value === false then you will be misled by this new behaviour. You also need to check if the needle was an empty string. Basically, something like this:
<?php
$result = $needle ? strstr($haystack, $needle) : false;
?>